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Bentonite Powder Analyze
| Yield Point |
16 M3/t Min |
 |
| Water Loss |
15%ml Max |
| Moisture |
15% Max |
| Wet Screen |
200 mesh 2.5% Max |
| Dry Screen |
100 mesh 98% Min |
What is Bentonite?
Bentonite is a highly absorbent
clay-like substance that helps to lift
impacted waste matter which has
accumulated on the walls of the
gastrointestinal tract. It is usually
used in colon cleansing programs and
with enema therapy. It should be used
under the direction of a health care
practitioner.
Bentonite History & General Information
Bentonite Geology A material composed
of clay minerals, predominantly
montmorillonite with minor amounts of
other smectite group minerals, commonly
used in drilling mud. Bentonite swells
considerably when exposed to water,
making it ideal for protecting
formations from invasion by drilling
fluids. Montmorillonite forms when basic
rocks such as volcanic ash in marine
basins are altered.
Bentonite Properties
Two types of bentonite are generally
identified. One is called the swelling
type or sodium bentonite, which has
single water layer particles containing
Na+ as the exchangeable ion. The other
has double water layer particles with
Ca++ as the exchangeable ion. It is
called calcium bentonite or non-swelling
type. Na+ or Ca++ is exchanged by Mg++
or Fe++. A third type of montmorillonite
has been identified with zero water
layer particles and is probably
electrostatically neutral. Calcium
bentonite is usually referred to as
fuller's earth by a number of
authorities because chemically and also
in physical properties it is identical
to calcium-montmorillonite.
In the early years, all naturally
occurring activated clays having good
bleaching properties were called
fuller's earths. The word fuller's earth
has been named after the practise of
fulling or cleaning the grease and
stains from wool and cloth.
The essential difference between
bentonite and fuller's earth is in their
modes of occurrence and other physical
properties. Bentonite is regarded to
have been formed by the alteration of
volcanic ash deposits, mostly in upper
Cretaceous formations. Fuller's earth
represent a shaly facie of Tertiary
rock.
Bentonites having law iron content, have
been found to be good catalytic agents
in petroleum refining. The bentonites
having Ca and / or Mg as exchangeable
ions are good decolourizers. Bentonites
can absorb water to a greater extent
than ordinary plastic clays. Fuller's
earth, on the other hand, is non-plastic
or semi-plastic in character. It has a
foliated structure. Dry or dehydrated
fuller's earth adheres strongly to the
tongue. The absorption of water in
sodium bentonite proceeds with a
considerable increase in volume (as much
as 14 times its original volume)
creating an excellent gel and viscous
material which is invaluable for the
preparation of drilling muds and in
grouting of dams, wells etc. Sodium
bentonite has an excellent thixotropic
property, i.e. the gel becoming stiff on
standing and reverting to fluidity when
shaken. The swelling type bentonite when
dispersed in water, separates into
suspendible flakes which are all finer
than 0.5 micron. Calcium bentonite
yields about 35% finer than 0.5 micron.
Calcium bentonite yields about 35% finer
than 0.5 microns. The difference in
bentonite and other clays lies in
lattice structure. The sheet of atoms in
bentonite are much thinner and more
easily separable in water. That is why
bentonite occupies more surface area
than other clays. This property is known
as dispersibility, which is unique to
swelling type of bentonite.
Bentonite Drilling Fluids
A clay mineral that is composed principally of
three-layer clays, such as montmorillonite, and widely used as a
mud additive for viscosity and
filtration control. Commercial bentonite
ores vary widely in amount and quality
of the swelling clay, sodium
montmorillonite. Ores of lower quality,
those with more calcium-type
montmorillonite, are treated during
grinding by adding one or more of the
following: sodium carbonate, long-chain
synthetic polymers,
carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch or
polyphosphates. These help make the
final product meet quality
specifications. Unfortunately, the
additives may not remain effective in
"the real mud world" when in use at the
rig due to hardness ions in the water,
high temperature, bacterial attack,
mechanical shear-degradation and other
factors that can render these additives
ineffective.
Bentonite Cure
The name bentonite refers to a clay first identified (or named) in cretaceous rock. The notion of eating clay to produce internal healing will no doubt strike many as farfetched if not a little primitive. But natural clay, especially the form known as bentonite, has not only been used medicinally for centuries by indigenous peoples around the world, but has, in recent years, been increasingly prescribed by practitioners of alternative medicine as a simple but effective internal cleanser to assist in reversing numerous health problems.
Bentonite is not a mineral but a commercial name for montmorillonite, the active mineral in many medicinal clays and which comes from weathered volcanic ash. This name derives from Montmorillon, France, where the medicinal mineral was first identified. Sometimes mineralogists use the term smectite instead to describe the same substance.
A VOLCANIC DETOXIFIER—Bentonite, a medicinal powdered clay which is also known as montmorillonite, derives from deposits of weathered volcanic ash. It is one of the most effective natural intestinal detoxifying agents available and has been recognized as such for centuries by native peoples around the world. Whatever the name, liquid clay contains minerals that, once inside the gastrointestinal tract, are able to absorb toxins and deliver mineral nutrients to an impressive degree, says Knishinsky. Liquid clay is inert which means it passes through the body undigested.
Bentonite Packing
All grades of Bentonite are available in
various types of packaging:
1. 1 Ton Jumbo bags
2. 25kg package for powder
Bentonite Physical Properties and Chemical Analyse
36.3% BaO, 20.2%
Ti02,43.5% Si02
Hardness: 6 - 6.5
Specific gravity: 3.6
Bentonite Chemical Properties
BaTiSi3O9
Barium Titanium Silicate
| Yiel point |
16 M3/t Min |
| Water Loss |
15% Max |
| Moisture |
15% Max |
| Wet Screen |
200 mesh 2.5% Max |
| Dry screen |
100 mesh 98% Min |
Other specification according to API or OCMA standards.
Bentonite Usage
Use as Grouting Material
Bentonite has great water binding
ability and consequently very law
permeability to water. It has been
found, that the permeability of the soil
is reduced considerably when substituted
by sodium bentonite. Hence, this
material is often employed in
construction engineering ot make a
porous medium water-tight. It can be
used alone or with some other grouting
material.
Use in Drilling Muds
Drilling muds consist of water to
which sodium bentonite and pulverized
barytes are added. Such muds are
prepared mainly for deep drilling, like
oil-well drilling. Bentonite imparts two
properties :
• It gives the fluid a viscosity several
times that of water and thixotrophy.
• It seals the wall of the holes, thus
preventing water loss.
The quantity of bentonite used is
variable depending upon the depth of the
hole to be drilled. Generally one tonne
of bentonite is used to prepare about
100 barrels of mud.
Use as Decolourizer
Decolourizing bentonites are those which
carry Ca and / or Mg as an exchangeable
ion. They are used in the
decolourization of animal and vegetable
facts (like ground-nut, castor-oil and
Vanaspati) and petroleum oil,
lubricants, paraffins and other waxes.
These are decolourized in two ways:
• By the percolation method.
• By the contact method.
Use as Foundry Sands
Bentonite is utilized in foundry to bind
the sand grains into desired shapes.
Bentonite helps in retaining the
mechanical shape of the mould by making
the particles of sands adhere and also
making the surface impermeable. Strength
and fusion point are the two important
properties desired for selecting
bentonite. Generally, the swelling type
of bentonite is used though other types
of bentonites have also been used.
Use in Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Preparations
Bentonite gels are used as a carrier for
a number of cosmetic preparatios,
tooth-pastes, creams for skin and other
similar products. For the preparation of
cosmetic creams, bentonite is generally
used as a paste formed with water and
glycerine. Bentonite when intimately
mixed with water in the proportion of
one to four gives a pasty mass with the
consistency of a heavy grease and in
this form it is used for the preparation
of medicinal ointments. Bentonite in the
natural state is non-poisonous and
harmless; thus it finds use in
tooth-paste and even in the preparation
of lipstick.
The swelling type of bentonite is
finding increasing use in the
manufacture of insecticides and paints.
The latest use has been its development
as a bonding agent in pelletizing iron
ore fines in the USA. The taconite
agglomeration plant in north-eastern
Minnesota consumes a considerable
quantity of bentonite.
Bentonite Animal Feed
AGRI-FLEX™ technology aids in pellet binding for
animal feed. A natural sodium bentonite
clay, it is used in animal feed
formulations at a 1.5 to 4.0 percent
inclusion rate.
As bentonite, The AGRI-FLEX technology
is accepted by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) as Generally
Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a direct
food ingredient. AGRI-FLEX is certified
as kosher by The Scroll K.
Bentonite Other Usage
1. As a gemstone and as a mineral
specimen, oil well drilling.
2. API 13-A or OCMA specifications, is
used in pet litter to absorb liquids. It
is used as a mud in drilling
applications.
3. It is also used in other industrial
applications such as the "pelletizing"
of iron ore.
4. Provides hole cleaning, lubrication,
and water-loss control.
5. Often used in saturated or salty
drilling fluids systems.
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